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... and what about Africa, you wacko?


not "crazy" - "of the Baskervilles"! You have me confused with another, a "spinner". The I'm not sorry - or not?

kidding. Recently I received mail from a reader with the said statement. After a thorough reading I come around do not interpret the argument to the effect that Mr. M., we call such person under protection of individual rights even so, believes well that I mean, first, the MWP was a global scale is a fact, sacrosanct and their occur, thus, for the equatorial regions of the planet by numerous studies backed up as view and secondly by the well in his opinion, otherwise data situation in Africa (consciously) ignore, I Spinner - uh, of course, Baskerville.

As I have repeatedly said, I do not think that there is "overwhelming" is evidence for the claim that the MWP was a global "event" was - 'overwhelming' for NH: Yes, for the SH! No, however, some good long-term studies as likely to accept, for the equatorial regions: No! - So I am speaking of bi-hemispheric order both to take account of the fact that there is indeed a good proxy reconstructions for regions in the southern hemisphere, enter into what a warmer MWP as opposed to a colder Little Ice Age to light and on the other hand will not tire to point out that the equatorial regions of the world have been explored to date, still too little to clear statements regarding the climatic conditions in the final Millennia to . meet

But how is the data on Africa. Mr. M. has not told me, unfortunately, from where he draws his information about Africa as being "and what" was not very helpful - unfortunately!

Very well, then I'll try the "and what is" one of Mr. M., of course, limited "as is" counter from me. For more details, an in-depth discussion with the topic, I refer to the project

PAGES.

 speak some studies from South Africa for the occurrence of MWP. In the last study 

Archaeological evidence for climatic change during the 2000 years in southern Africa

Huffman arrives to the conclusion that the MWP 900-1290 AD must be located. Holmgren et al. According find Idso 2001 in a cave in " Makapansgat Valley

" evidence for a MWP between AD 800 and 1100 In 2003, Holmgren et al arrive. in a follow-up study

(pdf format, approx 360 KB) Makapansgat Valley "to the following conclusion:

warm period occurred between 1 and 2 ka and were followed by a resumption of the declining trend. Evidence for medieval warming is present.

Holmgren et al., 2323

In 2006, lead Holmgren and Öberg in their study
Climate Change in southern and eastern Africa during the past millennium and it's implications for societal development , various evidence for a warmer MWP. They write respect southern Africa, with reference to Leslie and Maggs (2000), the following: The period from about 850 to 1290 AD was a time of agricultural expansion in the Shashi-Limpopo region, according to archaeological and historical sources (Leslie and Maggs, 2000) [1]. Communities were expanded from the east (Zimbabwe) into the fringes of today's semi-arid Kalahari.

Holmgren and Öberg, 187

In regard to East Africa, they cite a study by Robertshaw and Taylor, which probably alludes indirectly to the fact that it is likely to accompany climate favorable conditions, with a population growth rate than in climates unfavorable conditions such as ice ages, probably the case. Archaeological surveys show

population expansion and establishment of centers in western Uganda at around 1000-1200 ad (Robertshaw and Taylor, 2000) [2].

Holmgren and Öberg, 190

for East Africa see Tierney et al. in their work late-twentieth-century warming in Lake Tanganyika unprecedented since AD 500

(pdf format, approx 3.85 MB) Evidence for an extended warm period between AD 1100 and 1400 They write:

Lake Tanganyika then experienced a period of extended warmth between 1100 and 1400, followed by a return to cooler LSTS between 1400 and 1500 and more variable temperatures until 1900th

Tierney et al., 423

A study of

Lamb et al. (2007)

, the data from Lake HAYQ originate in Ethiopia, to take us: Similar, but slightly Moister climate than today, with high variability interdecaal, prevailed from AD 800 to AD 1200, equivalent to the European 'Medieval Warm Period'.

Lamb et al.

Abstract

for equatorial East Africa hold

Verschuren et al. 2000

about rain and drought set: Africa has alternated between

contrasting climate conditions, with climate than today Significantly rier during the 'Medieval Warm Period' (ca. AD 1000-1270) and A relatively wet climate during the 'Little Ice Age '(ca. AD 1270-1850) was interrupted whicht by three prolonged dry episodes.

Verschuren et al., Abstract

For West Africa, more equatorial West Africa, I can last on the study Lowland rain forest response to hydrological changes during the 1500 years in Gabon, Western Equatorial Africa
of Ngomanda et al. point from 2007. They write:

The strong fluctuations of water balance at decadal scale during the 'Medieval Warm Period' (ca. 1100-800 cal yr BP) coincided with a noticeable increase in shade-intolerant taxa, indicating recurring rain forest canopy disturbance.

Ngomanda et al.

Abstract

Furthermore, here for NW Africa, we could refer to the interview with Dr. Büntgen
on this blog. In a study mentioned there, "Long-term drought severity variations in Morocco", according to European long-term climate reconstructions is found in terms of a warm period in the Middle Ages and a colder climate period in the "Little Ice Age".

__________

[1] Leslie, M. and T. Maggs (ed): 2000, 'African Naissance: The Limpopo Valley 1000 Years Ago', The South African Archaeological Society, Goddwin Series, 8 [2] Robertshaw, P. and Taylor, D.: 2000, 'Climate change and the rise of political complexity om western Uganda', Journal of African History 41, 1-28.